Present Perfect spelling

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The spelling rules for Present Perfect Tense in building past participle of regular verbs.

Rule		Infinitive	Past participle
verbs ending with -e	-d	phone	phoned
		smile	smiled
		agree	agreed
		lie	lied
verbs NOT ending with -e	-ed	ask	asked
		clean	cleaned
		follow	followed
		video	videoed
verbs ending with a single consonant preceded by a single vowel double their consonant		beg	begged
		rub	rubbed
in two-syllable verbs the last consonant double when the last syllable is stressed and it contains a single consonant preceded by vowel		prefer	preferred
		refer	referred
		occur	occurred
-y turns into -i if it is preceded by a consonant	-ed	carry	carried
		deny	denied
		fry	fried
		try	tried